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Books.Analysis2_Tao_2022.Chapters.Chap07.section05_part2

def IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction (n : ) (Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))) (g : Ω) :

Real-valued version of the textbook Lebesgue measurability predicate on a subset Ω ⊆ ℝ^n.

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Instances For

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: every coordinate of a Lebesgue measurable vector map is Lebesgue measurable as a scalar map.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_3_nullMeasurableSet_of_coordinateFunctions {n m : } (hm : 0 < m) {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : ΩEuclideanSpace (Fin m)} (hcoord : ∀ (j : Fin m), IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => (f x).ofLp j) :

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in positive codimension, coordinate measurability implies Ω is null measurable.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_3_preimage_openBox_eq_iInter_coordinatePreimages {n m : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : ΩEuclideanSpace (Fin m)} (a b : Fin m) :
    Subtype.val '' (f ⁻¹' {x : EuclideanSpace (Fin m) | ∀ (i : Fin m), a i < x.ofLp i x.ofLp i < b i}) = Ω ⋂ (i : Fin m), Subtype.val '' ((fun (x : { x : EuclideanSpace (Fin n) // x Ω }) => (f x).ofLp i) ⁻¹' Set.Ioo (a i) (b i))

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: preimages of open coordinate boxes are intersections of coordinate interval preimages.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_3_isLebesgueMeasurableFunction_of_coordinateFunctions {n m : } (hm : 0 < m) {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : ΩEuclideanSpace (Fin m)} (hcoord : ∀ (j : Fin m), IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => (f x).ofLp j) :

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: for m > 0, coordinatewise scalar measurability implies vector-valued measurability.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_3_iff_coordinateFunctions_of_pos {n m : } (hm : 0 < m) {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : ΩEuclideanSpace (Fin m)} :
    IsLebesgueMeasurableFunction n m Ω f ∀ (j : Fin m), IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => (f x).ofLp j

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: for positive target dimension, vector measurability is equivalent to coordinatewise scalar measurability.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: adding explicit domain null measurability yields the coordinatewise characterization in all target dimensions, including m = 0.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: if either m > 0 or Ω is null measurable, then vector-valued measurability is equivalent to coordinatewise scalar measurability.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: when the codomain has dimension 0, vector-valued Lebesgue measurability is equivalent to null measurability of the domain.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_3_coordinateFunctions_zeroCodomain {n : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : ΩEuclideanSpace (Fin 0)} (j : Fin 0) :
    IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => (f x).ofLp j

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: when the codomain is ℝ^0, the coordinatewise scalar measurability condition is always satisfied.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_3_coordinateFunctions_zeroCodomain_subsingleton {n : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : ΩEuclideanSpace (Fin 0)} (hcoord1 hcoord2 : ∀ (j : Fin 0), IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => (f x).ofLp j) :
    hcoord1 = hcoord2

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, the coordinatewise measurability witness is unique because Fin 0 is empty.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_3_coordinateFunctions_zeroCodomain_iff_true {n : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : ΩEuclideanSpace (Fin 0)} :
    (∀ (j : Fin 0), IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => (f x).ofLp j) True

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: when the codomain is ℝ^0, the coordinatewise scalar measurability condition is equivalent to True.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, the theorem's biconditional reduces to plain vector-valued measurability because the coordinate condition is vacuous.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, the reverse direction of the coordinatewise characterization is equivalent to proving domain null measurability from True.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, domain null measurability is sufficient to obtain the reverse coordinate implication.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, any proof of the reverse coordinate implication forces domain null measurability.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, if Ω is not null measurable, then no map f : Ω → ℝ^0 can be Lebesgue measurable.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, non-null-measurable Ω gives a fixed-map counterexample with vacuous coordinate measurability and failed vector-valued measurability.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, if Ω is not null measurable then the reverse coordinate implication cannot hold for any fixed map f : Ω → ℝ^0.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, if Ω is not null measurable then the reverse coordinate implication is equivalent to False.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_3_false_of_reverse_zeroCodomain_and_not_nullMeasurableSet {n : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : ΩEuclideanSpace (Fin 0)} ( : ¬MeasureTheory.NullMeasurableSet Ω MeasureTheory.volume) (hcoord : ∀ (j : Fin 0), IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => (f x).ofLp j) (hReverse : (∀ (j : Fin 0), IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => (f x).ofLp j)IsLebesgueMeasurableFunction n 0 Ω f) :

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, a reverse coordinate implication combined with the vacuous coordinate hypothesis contradicts non-null-measurability of Ω.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, the reverse coordinate implication is equivalent to domain null measurability.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: for a fixed codimension-0 coordinate hypothesis, the remaining reverse-direction goal is exactly domain null measurability.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, vacuous coordinatewise measurability cannot by itself force domain null measurability.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, the theorem's full biconditional is equivalent to null measurability of the domain.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, if Ω is not null measurable, then the theorem's biconditional fails for any f : Ω → ℝ^0.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, failure of the theorem's biconditional is equivalent to failure of domain null measurability.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, non-null-measurable Ω produces an explicit counterexample map to the unguarded biconditional.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, non-null-measurable Ω yields a specific map whose coordinate functions are vacuously measurable while the map itself is not Lebesgue measurable.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, any proof of the theorem's target biconditional for a fixed map forces domain null measurability.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_3_nullMeasurableSet_of_coordinateHypothesis_and_reverse_zeroCodomain {n : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : ΩEuclideanSpace (Fin 0)} (hcoord : ∀ (j : Fin 0), IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => (f x).ofLp j) (hReverse : (∀ (j : Fin 0), IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => (f x).ofLp j)IsLebesgueMeasurableFunction n 0 Ω f) :

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, combining a fixed coordinate hypothesis with any reverse-direction implication forces domain null measurability.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, if Ω is not null measurable then no reverse-direction implication can hold for a fixed coordinate hypothesis.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, coordinatewise scalar measurability together with domain null measurability implies vector measurability.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, coordinatewise scalar measurability together with failure of domain null measurability rules out vector measurability.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, the remaining reverse-direction subgoal can be reformulated as proving the reverse implication from domain null measurability, and conversely any such reverse implication forces domain null measurability for the fixed coordinate hypothesis.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, for a fixed coordinatewise measurability witness, the remaining reverse goal is equivalent to deriving domain null measurability from that same witness.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, the reverse-direction subgoal (∀ j : Fin 0, ...) → NullMeasurableSet Ω is equivalent to domain null measurability itself.

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: in codimension 0, any proof of the reverse subgoal (∀ j : Fin 0, ...) → NullMeasurableSet Ω immediately yields domain null measurability.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_3_iff_coordinateFunctions_of_measurableSet {n m : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : ΩEuclideanSpace (Fin m)} ( : MeasurableSet Ω) :
    IsLebesgueMeasurableFunction n m Ω f ∀ (j : Fin m), IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => (f x).ofLp j

    Helper for Theorem 7.3: if Ω is measurable, then coordinatewise scalar measurability is equivalent to vector-valued Lebesgue measurability in every target dimension.

    theorem isLebesgueMeasurableFunction_iff_coordinateFunctions {n m : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : ΩEuclideanSpace (Fin m)} (hm : 0 < m) :
    IsLebesgueMeasurableFunction n m Ω f ∀ (j : Fin m), IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => (f x).ofLp j

    Theorem 7.3 (positive target dimension): for a Lebesgue measurable set Ω ⊆ ℝ^n and a map f : Ω → ℝ^m with 0 < m, f is Lebesgue measurable if and only if each coordinate function is Lebesgue measurable.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_4_comp_continuous_scalar {n : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : Ω} {φ : } ( : Continuous φ) (hf : IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω f) :
    IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => φ (f x)

    Helper for Theorem 7.4: composing a scalar Lebesgue measurable function with a continuous scalar map preserves scalar measurability.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_4_abs_measurable {n : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : Ω} (hf : IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω f) :
    IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => |f x|

    Helper for Theorem 7.4: the absolute value of a scalar Lebesgue measurable function is scalar Lebesgue measurable.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_4_max_min_zero_measurable {n : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : Ω} (hf : IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω f) :
    (IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => max (f x) 0) IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => min (f x) 0

    Helper for Theorem 7.4: the positive and negative truncations max(f,0) and min(f,0) of a scalar Lebesgue measurable function are scalar measurable.

    theorem isLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction_abs_max_min_zero {n : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f : Ω} (hf : IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω f) :
    (IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => |f x|) (IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => max (f x) 0) IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => min (f x) 0

    Theorem 7.4: if Ω ⊆ ℝ^n is measurable and f : Ω → ℝ is measurable, then the pointwise functions |f|, max(f, 0), and min(f, 0) are measurable on Ω.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_5_pair_isLebesgueMeasurableFunction {n : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {u v : Ω} (hu : IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω u) (hv : IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω v) :
    IsLebesgueMeasurableFunction n 2 Ω fun (x : Ω) => ![u x, v x]

    Helper for Theorem 7.5: two scalar measurable functions form a measurable ℝ²-valued pair map.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_5_comp_continuous_scalar_of_vector {n m : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {F : ΩEuclideanSpace (Fin m)} {φ : EuclideanSpace (Fin m)} (hF : IsLebesgueMeasurableFunction n m Ω F) ( : Continuous φ) :
    IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => φ (F x)

    Helper for Theorem 7.5: composing a measurable vector map into ℝ^m with a continuous scalar map yields a measurable scalar function.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_5_binaryContinuous_measurable {n : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {u v : Ω} {ψ : EuclideanSpace (Fin 2)} (hu : IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω u) (hv : IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω v) ( : Continuous ψ) :
    IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => ψ ![u x, v x]

    Helper for Theorem 7.5: binary scalar operations induced by a continuous map ℝ² → ℝ preserve scalar Lebesgue measurability.

    theorem helperForTheorem_7_5_comp_continuous_scalar_on_openSubtype {n : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {u : Ω} {W : Set } {φ : W} (hu : IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω u) (_hW : IsOpen W) (huW : ∀ (x : Ω), u x W) ( : Continuous φ) :
    IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => φ u x,

    Helper for Theorem 7.5: composing a scalar measurable function with a continuous map on an open subtype preserves scalar measurability.

    theorem isLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction_add_sub_mul_max_min_div {n : } {Ω : Set (EuclideanSpace (Fin n))} {f g : Ω} (hf : IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω f) (hg : IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω g) :
    (IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => f x + g x) (IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => f x - g x) (IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => f x * g x) (IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => max (f x) (g x)) (IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => min (f x) (g x)) ((∀ (x : Ω), g x 0)IsLebesgueMeasurableScalarFunction n Ω fun (x : Ω) => f x / g x)

    Theorem 7.5: if Ω ⊆ ℝ^n is measurable and f, g : Ω → ℝ are measurable, then f + g, f - g, f * g, max(f, g), and min(f, g) are measurable on Ω. If additionally g x ≠ 0 for all x ∈ Ω, then f / g is measurable on Ω.